Passive Voice and Conditionals

PASSIVE VOICE

1. The passive tense is used because...

It is focusing in the object affected by the action. So the subject and de object direct change the side in the sentence. For example, if I said, Laura teach english to the students. The sentence turn, The students are beeing to teach by Laura.

2. When do we use the passive voice?

 We use the passive voice when the agent of the action is unknowned, obvious from the context, unimportant and to emphazise in who receives the action.

3. The structure to use the passive voice in the

PRESENT TENSE is Object+To be (present)+Past Participle+(by + subject)* *If needed.


PAST TENSE is Subject + Verb to be + Past Participle

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE is Subject+ verb to be+verb-ing+ complement.

4. Exercise on Passive Voice - Simple Present

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

1. He opens the door. -The door is opened by him.'the door' becomes the subject. As it is third person singular, we use is + past participle
2. We set the table. -The table is set by us.'the table' becomes the subject. As it is third person singular, we use is + past participle.
3. She pays a lot of money. -A lot of money is paid by her.'a lot of money' becomes the subject. As it is third person singular, we use is + past participle.
   irregular verb: pay - paid - paid
4. I draw a picture. -A picture is drawn by me.'a picture' becomes the subject. As it is third person singular, we use is + past participle.
   irregular verb: draw - drew - drawn
5. They wear blue shoes. -Blue shoes are worn by them.'blue shoes' becomes the subject. As it is plural, we use are + past participle.
   irregular verb: wear - wore - worn
6. They don't help you. -You are not helped by them.'you' becomes the subject. As it is second person and a negative sentence, we use are + not + past participle.
7. He doesn't open the book. -The book is not opened by him.'the book' becomes the subject. As it is third person singular and a negative sentence, we use is + not + past participle.
8. You do not write the letter. -The letter is not written by you.'the letter' becomes the subject. As it is third person singular and a negative sentence, we use is + not + past participle.
   irregular verb: write - wrote - written
9. Does your mum pick you up? -Are you picked up by your mum?'you' becomes the subject. As it is second person and a question, we use are + subject + past participle.
10. Does the police officer catch the thief? -Is the thief caught by the police officer?'the thief' becomes the subject. As it is third person singular and a negative sentence, we use is + subject + past participle.
    irregular verb: catch - caught - caught

CONDITIONALS


5. Which tenses are used in the first conditional?

It shows a real or possible situation:


Ex: What will most probably happen if you don't do the english homework?
If I don't do the english homework, the most probably happen is that I will lose this score.
6. What is the characteristic of the first conditional?

The first part of the first conditional is structured with:
IF + subject + verb + rest of the tense,
Then, subject + will + verb + rest of the tense7. Which tenses are used in the second conditional? Write an example about it.

The second conditional are used in the hypothetical situations.
Ex: What would happen if you will be pregnant?
If I was pregnant, I would have to stop my universitary studies.

8. The pronoun I comes with the verb to be in the second conditional in which form?

The pronoun I is near to the verb to be, in the first part of the conditional, telling about who do the action.
9. Which tenses are used in the third conditional?

The third conditional talk about hypothetical situations about the past.
Ex: What would have happened if you didn't lived in Bogotá?
If I didn't live in Bogotá, I would be in a little and beautiful town.

10.

Complete the Conditional Sentences. Decide whether to use Type I, II or III.

1. If I had time, I would go shopping with you.  Conditional Sentence Type II: 'if' clause in Simple Past, main clause in Conditional I (= would + infinitive)
2. If you speak English, you will get along with them perfectly. Conditional Sentence Type I: 'if' clause in Simple Present, main clause in 'will' future
3. If they had gone for a walk, they the lights off. (Your answer: »will turn«) would have turned Conditional Sentence Type III: 'if' clause in Past Perfect, main clause in Conditional II (= would + Present Perfect)
4. If she comes to see us, we will go to the zoo.    Conditional Sentence Type I: 'if' clause in Simple Present, main clause in 'will' future
5. I would have told you, if I had seen him. Conditional Sentence Type III: Note! The 'if' clause is not at the beginning of the sentence -> main clause in Conditional II (= would + Present Perfect), 'if' clause in Past Perfect
6. Would you mind if Ithe window?   (Your answer: »would open«) openedConditional Sentence Type II: Note! The 'if' clause is not at the beginning of the sentence -> main clause in Conditional I (= would + infinitive), 'if' clause in Simple Past
7. If they me, I wouldn't have said no.  (Your answer: »invite«) had invitedConditional Sentence Type III: 'if' clause in Past Perfect, main clause in Conditional II (= would + Present Perfect)
8. My friend me at the station if he gets the afternoon off.  (Your answer: »had met«) will meetConditional Sentence Type I: Note! The 'if' clause is not at the beginning of the sentence -> main clause in 'will' future, 'if' clause in Simple Present
9. If Iit, nobody would do it.     (Your answer: »don't do«) didn't doConditional Sentence Type II: 'if' clause in Simple Past, main clause in Conditional I (= would + infinitive)
10. If my father doesn't pick me up, I'll take the bus home.    Conditional Sentence Type I: 'if' clause in Simple Present, main clause in 'will' future